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es gibt auch in mysql die programme wie mysqldump, mysqlshow, mysqladmin (wie bei msql nur eben mit einem "y"). somit kannst du ganz einfach mysql Datenbank < msql_dump.txt verwenden und schon stehen die daten in der mysql-db. wichtig ist allerdings dass mysql einen zugriffsschutz bietet, man kann bestimmten usern von bestimmten rechnern gezielt zugriff auf bestimmte dbs (und aktionen wie select, insert, update, create etc) geben (ziemlich clever...) w3-msql duerfte nicht mehr klappen (kann aber nichts dazu sagen, da ich es nie verwendet habe), ich setze mysql mit perl ein bzw. denke ueber den einsatz von php nach... die migration von msql zu mysql hatte bei mir eigentlich ziemlich reibungslos geklappt (wenn wir nur die msql/mysql-seite nehmen). ich musste dazu nur fuer perl die module DBI::mysql installieren. ein paar hinweise aus der doku von mysql: 19.1 How MySQL compares to mSQL This section has been written by the MySQL developers, so it should be read with that in mind. But there are NO factual errors that we know of. For a list of all supported limits, functions and types, see the crash-me web page. Performance For a true comparison of speed, consult the growing MySQL benchmark suite. See section 11 The MySQL benchmark suite. Because there is no thread creation overhead, a small parser, few features and simple security, mSQL should be quicker at: Tests that perform repeated connects and disconnects, running a very simple query during each connection. INSERT operations into very simple tables with few columns and keys. CREATE TABLE and DROP TABLE. SELECT on something that isn't an index. (A table scan is very easy.) Since these operations are so simple, it is hard to be better at them when you have a higher startup overhead. After the connection is established, MySQL should perform much better. On the other hand, MySQL is much faster than mSQL (and most other SQL implementions) on the following: Complex SELECT operations. Retrieving large results (MySQL has a better, faster and safer protocol). Tables with variable-length strings, since MySQL has more efficent handling and can have indexes on VARCHAR columns. Handling tables with many columns. Handling tables with large record lengths. SELECT with many expressions. SELECT on large tables. Handling many connections at the same time. MySQL is fully multi-threaded. Each connection has its own thread, which means that no thread has to wait for another (unless a thread is modifying a table another thread wants to access.) In mSQL, once one connection is established, all others must wait until the first has finished, regardless of whether the connection is running a query that is short or long. When the first connection terminates, the next can be served, while all the others wait again, etc. Joins. mSQL can become pathologically slow if you change the order of tables in a SELECT. In the benchmark suite, a time more than 15000 times slower than MySQL was seen. This is due to mSQL's lack of a join optimizer to order tables in the optimal order. However, if you put the tables in exactly the right order in mSQL2 and the WHERE is simple and uses index columns, the join will be relatively fast! See section 11 The MySQL benchmark suite. ORDER BY and GROUP BY. DISTINCT. Using TEXT or BLOB columns. SQL Features GROUP BY and HAVING. mSQL does not support GROUP BY at all. MySQL supports a full GROUP BY with both HAVING and the following functions: COUNT(), AVG(), MIN(), MAX(), SUM() and STD(). COUNT(*) is optimized to return very quickly if the SELECT retrieves from one table, no other columns are retrieved and there is no WHERE clause. MIN() and MAX() may take string arguments. INSERT and UPDATE with calculations. MySQL can do calculations in an INSERT or UPDATE. For example: mysql> UPDATE SET x=x*10+y WHERE x<20; Aliasing. MySQL has column aliasing. Qualifying column names. In MySQL, if a column name is unique among the tables used in a query, you do not have to use the full qualifier. SELECT with functions. MySQL has many functions (too many to list here; see section 7.3 Functions for use in SELECT and WHERE clauses). Disk space efficiency That is, how small can you make your tables? MySQL has very precise types, so you can create tables that take very little space. An example of a useful MySQL datatype is the MEDIUMINT that is 3 bytes long. If you have 100,000,000 records, saving even one byte per record is very important. mSQL2 has a more limited set of column types, so it is more difficult to get small tables. Stability This is harder to judge objectively. For a discussion of MySQL stability, see section 1.5 How stable is MySQL?. We have no experience with mSQL stability, so we cannot say anything about that. Price Another important issue is the license. MySQL has a more flexible license than mSQL, and is also less expensive than mSQL. Whichever product you choose to use, remember to at least consider paying for a license or email support. (You are required to get a license if you include MySQL with a product that you sell, of course.) Perl interfaces MySQL has basically the same interfaces to Perl as mSQL with some added features. JDBC (Java) MySQL currently has 4 JDBC drivers: The gwe driver: A Java interface by GWE technologies (not supported anymore). The jms driver: An improved gwe driver by Xiaokun Kelvin ZHU The twz driver: A type 4 JDBC driver by Terrence W. Zellers and educational use. The mm driver: A type 4 JDBC driver by Mark Matthews The recommended drivers are the twz or mm driver. Both are reported to work excellently. We know that mSQL has a JDBC driver, but we have too little experience with it to compare. Rate of development MySQL has a very small team of developers, but we are quite used to coding C and C++ very rapidly. Since threads, functions, GROUP BY and so on are still not implemented in mSQL, it has a lot of catching up to do. To get some perspective on this, you can view the mSQL `HISTORY' file for the last year and compare it with the News section of the MySQL Reference Manual (see section D MySQL change history). It should be pretty obvious which one has developed most rapidly. Utility programs Both mSQL and MySQL have many interesting third-party tools. Since it is very easy to port upward (from mSQL to MySQL), almost all the interesting applications that are available for mSQL are also available for MySQL. MySQL comes with a simple msql2mysql program that fixes differences in spelling between mSQL and MySQL for the most-used C API functions. For example, it changes instances of msqlConnect() to mysql_connect(). Converting a client program from mSQL to MySQL usually takes a couple of minutes. 19.1.1 How to convert mSQL tools for MySQL According to our experience, it would just take a few hours to convert tools such as msql-tcl and msqljava that use the mSQL C API so that they work with the MySQL C API. The conversion procedure is: Run the shell script msql2mysql on the source. This requires the replace program, which is distributed with MySQL. Compile. Fix all compiler errors. Differences between the mSQL C API and the MySQL C API are: MySQL uses a MYSQL structure as a connection type (mSQL uses an int). mysql_connect() takes a pointer to a MYSQL structure as a parameter. It is easy to define one globally or to use malloc() to get one. mysql_connect() also takes 2 parameters for specifying the user and password. You may set these to NULL, NULL for default use. mysql_error() takes the MYSQL structure as a parameter. Just add the parameter to your old msql_error() code if you are porting old code. MySQL returns an error number and a text error message for all errors. mSQL returns only a text error message. Some incompatibilities exist as a result of MySQL supporting multiple connections to the server from the same process. 19.1.2 How mSQL and MySQL client/server communications protocols differ There are enough differences that it is impossible (or at least not easy) to support both. The most significant ways in which the MySQL protocol differs from the mSQL protocol are listed below: A message buffer may contain many result rows. The message buffers are dynamically enlarged if the query or the result is bigger than the current buffer, up to a configurable server and client limit. All packets are numbered to catch duplicated or missing packets. All column values are sent in ASCII. The lengths of columns and rows are sent in packed binary coding (1, 2 or 3 bytes). MySQL can read in the result unbuffered (without having to store the full set in the client). If a single write/read takes more than 30 seconds, the server closes the connection. If a connection is idle for 8 hours, the server closes the connection. 19.1.3 How mSQL 2.0 SQL syntax differs from MySQL Column types MySQL Has the following additional types (among others; see section 7.6 CREATE TABLE syntax): ENUM type for one of a set of strings. SET type for many of a set of strings. BIGINT type for 64-bit integers. MySQL also supports the following additional type attributes: UNSIGNED option for integer columns. ZEROFILL option for integer columns. AUTO_INCREMENT option for integer columns that are a PRIMARY KEY. See section 18.4.27 mysql_insert_id(). DEFAULT value for all columns. mSQL2 mSQL column types correspond to the MySQL types shown below: mSQL type Corresponding MySQL type CHAR(len) CHAR(len) TEXT(len) TEXT(len). len is the maximal length. And LIKE works. INT INT. With many more options! REAL REAL. Or FLOAT. Both 4- and 8-byte versions are available. UINT INT UNSIGNED DATE DATE. Uses ANSI SQL format rather than mSQL's own. TIME TIME MONEY DECIMAL(12,2). A fixed-point value with two decimals. Index creation MySQL Indexes may be specified at table creation time with the CREATE TABLE statement. mSQL Indexes must be created after the table has been created, with separate CREATE INDEX statements. To insert a unique identifier into a table MySQL Use AUTO_INCREMENT as a column type specifier. See section 18.4.27 mysql_insert_id(). mSQL Create a SEQUENCE on a table and select the _seq column. To obtain a unique identifier for a row MySQL Add a PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE key to the table. mSQL Use the _rowid column. Observe that _rowid may change over time depending on many factors. To get the time a column was last modified MySQL Add a TIMESTAMP column to the table. This column is automatically set to the current time for INSERT or UPDATE statements if you don't give the column a value or if you give it a NULL value. mSQL Use the _timestamp column. NULL value comparisons MySQL MySQL follows ANSI SQL and a comparison with NULL is always NULL. mSQL In mSQL, NULL = NULL is TRUE. You must change =NULL to IS NULL and <>NULL to IS NOT NULL when porting old code from mSQL to MySQL. String comparisons MySQL Normally, string comparisons are performed in case-independent fashion with the sort order determined by the current character set (ISO-8859-1 Latin1 by default). If you don't like this, declare your columns with the BINARY attribute, which causes comparisons to be done according to the ASCII order used on the MySQL server host. mSQL All string comparisons are performed in case-sensitive fashion with sorting in ASCII order. Case-insensitive searching MySQL LIKE is a case-insensitive or case-sensitive operator, depending on the columns involved. If possible, MySQL uses indexes if the LIKE argument doesn't start with a wildcard character. mSQL Use CLIKE. Handling of trailing spaces MySQL Strips all spaces at the end of CHAR and VARCHAR columns. Use a TEXT column if this behavior is not desired. mSQL Retains trailing space. WHERE clauses MySQL MySQL correctly prioritizes everything (AND is evaluated before OR). To get mSQL behavior in MySQL, use parentheses (as shown below). mSQL Evaluates everything from left to right. This means that some logical calculations with more than three arguments cannot be expressed in any way. It also means you must change some queries when you upgrade to MySQL. You do this easily by adding parentheses. Suppose you have the following mSQL query: mysql> SELECT * FROM table WHERE a=1 AND b=2 OR a=3 AND b=4; To make MySQL evaluate this the way that mSQL would, you must add parentheses: mysql> SELECT * FROM table WHERE (a=1 AND (b=2 OR (a=3 AND (b=4)))); Access control MySQL Has tables to store grant (permission) options per user, host and database. See section 6.4 How the privilege system works. mSQL Has a file `mSQL.acl' in which you can grant read/write privileges for users. mfg Markus Rietzler * Wuppertal-Forum | Wuppertal-Navigator * http://www.wuppertal-forum.de * http://www.wuppertal-navigator.de * eMail: markus.rietzler_(at)_wuppertal-forum.de Ronsdorfer Strasse 14 Fon: 0202.42 08 30 42119 Wuppertal Fax: 0202.242 24 66 Mobil: 0171.480 77 82 > -----Original Message----- > From: renevojtech_(at)_videoprofis.de [mailto:renevojtech_(at)_videoprofis.de] > Sent: Friday, July 09, 1999 1:06 PM > To: mysql-de_(at)_lists.4t2.com > Subject: Umstieg von msql --> mysql > > > hi, > > ich möchte meine Datenbanken von msql auf mysql umstellen. Einen Dump > der > msql-Datenbanken habe ich schon gemacht - aber wie bekomme ich die > Daten in die mysql-Datenbank - gibts da ein Programm für den Datenimport > ? > > Was passiert mit meinen Programmen (z. Zt. Zugriff über w3-msql) muß ich > > die komplett umschreiben ? > > Sind bei der Umstellung Probleme zu erwarten ? > > cu > rene > >
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